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Analysis of Lead(II) Oxalate (PbC₂O₄)

Qualitative analysis

Aim

To analyse the given inorganic salt for one acidic and one basic radical.

Preliminary Test

  • Colour: White
  • Odour: Odourless
  • State: Crystalline solid
  • Solubility: Insoluble in water

Test of Anion (C₂O₄²⁻)

ExperimentObservationInference
Take 0.1 g salt and add conc. H₂SO₄Colourless gases are evolved. On testing further, CO₂ and CO are evolvedC₂O₄²⁻ may be present
Confirmatory Tests
Calcium Chloride Test
Acidify extract with acetic acid and add calcium chloride
White precipitate of calcium oxalate is obtainedC₂O₄²⁻ is confirmed
KMnO₄ Test
Filter and add dilute H₂SO₄ to the precipitate, then dilute KMnO₄ and warm
KMnO₄ pink colour is dischargedC₂O₄²⁻ is confirmed

Test of Cation (Pb²⁺)

ExperimentObservationInference
Original solution + Dilute HClWhite precipitatePb²⁺ may be present
Confirmatory Tests
Potassium Iodide Test
Dissolve one part of the hot precipitate in hot water and add potassium iodide solution
Yellow precipitate is formedPresence of Pb²⁺ is confirmed
Potassium Chromate Test
To the acidified solution obtained above, add potassium chromate solution
Yellow precipitate is formedPresence of Pb²⁺ is confirmed
Lead Sulphate Test
Dissolve lead sulphide precipitate in dilute HNO₃, then add a few drops of dilute H₂SO₄ and alcohol
White precipitate of lead sulphate is formedPresence of Pb²⁺ is confirmed

Result

The given salt contains Pb²⁺ as the cation (basic radical) and C₂O₄²⁻ as the anion (acidic radical). The salt is Lead(II) Oxalate (PbC₂O₄).

Precautions

  1. Handle the chemicals with care.
  2. Don't use excess of chemicals.
  3. Keep the mouth of the test tube away from the face.