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Experiment No. N

Analysis of Ammonium Hydroxide (NH₄⁺OH⁻)

Aim

To determine the presence of anion and cation in the given salt

Preliminary Test

  • Odor: Odorless
  • Texture: Crystalline
  • Color: White
  • Solubility: Soluble in water

Test of Anion

ExperimentObservationInference
Salt Solution + Universal IndicatorSolution turns blue or purpleOH⁻ may be present
Confirmatory Test
Phenolphthalein Test
Salt Solution + Phenolphthalein indicator		Solution turns pinkPresence of OH⁻ anion is confirmed

Test of Cation

ExperimentObservationInference
Salt + NaOH solutionEvolution of vapours with ammonical smellNH₄⁺ may be present
Bring glass rod dipped in conc. HCl near the mouth of the test tubeDense white fumes evolveNH₄⁺ may be present
Confirmatory Test
Nessler's Reagent Test
Salt solution + Nessler's reagent		Reddish-brown ppt is obtainedPresence of NH₄⁺ is confirmed

Result

The given salt contains NH₄⁺ ions as cation and OH⁻ ions as anion. The salt is NH₄⁺OH⁻.

Precautions

  1. Handle the chemicals with care.
  2. Don't use excess of chemicals.
  3. Keep the mouth of the test tube away from the face.