Notebook Theme

Experiment No. N

Analysis of Ammonium Acetate (NH₄CH₃COO)

Aim

To determine the presence of anion and cation in the given salt

Preliminary Test

  • Odor: Vinegar-like
  • Texture: Crystalline
  • Color: White
  • Solubility: Soluble in water

Test of Anion

ExperimentObservationInference
Take 0.1 g salt + dilute H₂SO₄Colourless vapours with vinegar-like smell evolveCH₃COO⁻ may be present
Confirmatory Tests
Ester Test
Take 0.1 g salt in a test tube with ethanol and a little conc. H₂SO₄, then heat
Fruity odour of ethyl acetate is developedCH₃COO⁻ is confirmed
Ferric Chloride Test
Add neutral ferric chloride solution to the salt solution
Deep red colour appears; on heating it disappears and a brown-red precipitate formsCH₃COO⁻ is confirmed

Test of Cation

ExperimentObservationInference
Take 0.1 g of salt and add 1–2 mL of NaOH solution, then heatA smell of ammonia is evolvedNH₄⁺ may be present
Bring a glass rod dipped in hydrochloric acid near the mouth of the test tubeDense white fumes are observedNH₄⁺ may be present
Confirmatory Test
Nessler's Reagent Test
Pass the evolved gas through Nessler’s reagent
Brown colouration or a brown precipitate of basic mercury(II) amido-iodide is obtainedPresence of NH₄⁺ is confirmed

Result

The given salt contains NH₄⁺ ions as cation and CH₃COO⁻ ions as anion. The salt is NH₄CH₃COO.

Precautions

  1. Handle the chemicals with care.
  2. Don't use excess of chemicals.
  3. Keep the mouth of the test tube away from the face.