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Analysis of Magnesium Fluoride (MgF₂)

Qualitative analysis

Aim

To analyse the given inorganic salt for one acidic and one basic radical.

Preliminary Test

  • Colour: White
  • Odour: Odourless
  • State: Crystalline solid
  • Solubility: Soluble in water

Test of Anion (F⁻)

ExperimentObservationInference
Take the salt and treat with concentrated H₂SO₄Colourless gas evolves and it etches glassF⁻ may be present
Confirmatory Test
Calcium Chloride Test
Treat salt solution with calcium chloride solution
White gelatinous precipitate formsPresence of F⁻ is confirmed

Test of Cation (Mg²⁺)

ExperimentObservationInference
Confirmatory Tests
If Group V is absent, add disodium hydrogen phosphate solution and scratch the inner walls with a glass rodA white crystalline precipitate of magnesium ammonium phosphate is formedMg²⁺ may be present
Magneson Test
To the alkaline solution add a drop of Magneson I reagent (p-nitrobenzeneazoresorcinol)
A blue precipitate / blue lake is formedMg²⁺ is confirmed

Result

The given salt contains Mg²⁺ as the cation (basic radical) and F⁻ as the anion (acidic radical). The salt is Magnesium Fluoride (MgF₂).

Precautions

  1. Handle the chemicals with care.
  2. Don't use excess of chemicals.
  3. Keep the mouth of the test tube away from the face.